INS

Intentional Stance


Class:

I - Natural Selection

Neurolocalization:

Neurochem Substrates:

Elicitors:

Outputs:

EPA Total Score: 70/100

Theoretical evidence consists of scientific theories from the evolutionary behavioral and biological sciences (or allied fields), discussion of theoretical selection pressures that may have shaped the EPA, and other theoretical arguments without empirical data. Game theory and computer/AI models also count as theoretical evidence. Well-supported EPAs should appear specially designed by evolution to solve specific adaptive problems throughout human history and could not have simply arisen by chance.

Laughlin, C. D. (1997). Body, brain, and behavior: The neuroanthropology of the body image. Anthropology of Consciousness, 8(2-3), 49-68.

Support score: 45 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Balancing between Cultures. (2012). In D. Lende & G. Downey (Eds.), The encultured brain an introduction to neuroanthropology (pp. 169-194). Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.

Support score: 15 /100

Challenge score: 3 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Dennett, D. C. (1987). The intentional stance. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Support score: 10 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Dennett, D. C. (1988). Précis of the intentional stance. Behavioral and brain sciences, 11(3), 495-504.

Support score: 10 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Downey, G. (2012). Balancing across Cultures: Sensory Plasticity. The Encultured Brain: An Introduction to Neuroanthropology. Daniel H. Lende and Greg Downey, eds, 169-194.

Support score: 34 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Heywood, L. L. (2011). Affective infrastructures: toward a cultural neuropsychology of sport. Frontiers in evolutionary neuroscience, 3.

Support score: 45 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Laughlin, C. D. (1997). Body, brain, and behavior: The neuroanthropology of the body image. Anthropology of Consciousness, 8(2‐3), 49-68.

Support score: 45 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Theoretical Subscore: 39/60

Psychological evidence consists of empirical evidence drawn from the human behavioral sciences and consists of data from developmental, behavioral, perceptual, emotional, and cognitive studies, including surveys, experiments, quasi-experiments, and observational data. Well-supported EPAs should show reliable emotional, cognitive, behavioral, or perceptual outcomes under specified conditions.

Laughlin, C. D. (1997). Body, brain, and behavior: The neuroanthropology of the body image. Anthropology of Consciousness, 8(2-3), 49-68.

Support score: 20 /100

Challenge score: 5 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Balancing between Cultures. (2012). In D. Lende & G. Downey (Eds.), The encultured brain an introduction to neuroanthropology (pp. 169-194). Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.

Support score: 13 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Downey, G. (2012). Balancing across Cultures: Sensory Plasticity. The Encultured Brain: An Introduction to Neuroanthropology. Daniel H. Lende and Greg Downey, eds, 169-194.

Support score: 45 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Gallagher, H. L., Jack, A. I., Roepstorff, A., & Frith, C. D. (2002). Imaging the intentional stance in a competitive game. Neuroimage, 16(3), 814-821.

Support score: 10 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Gergely, G., Nádasdy, Z., Csibra, G., & Bíró, S. (1995). Taking the intentional stance at 12 months of age. Cognition, 56(2), 165-193.

Support score: 10 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Heywood, L. L. (2011). Affective infrastructures: toward a cultural neuropsychology of sport. Frontiers in evolutionary neuroscience, 3.

Support score: 40 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Laughlin, C. D. (1997). Body, brain, and behavior: The neuroanthropology of the body image. Anthropology of Consciousness, 8(2‐3), 49-68.

Support score: 20 /100

Challenge score: 5 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Psychological Subscore: 30/60

Medical evidence consists of evidence drawn from clinical data, observations, and case studies from disciplines including medicine, clinical psychology, and neuropsychology. Data on mental health, psychiatric disorders, neurological syndromes, epidemiology, physical health and mortality, and nutrition/exercise are all considered medical evidence.

Medical Subscore: 42/60

Physiological evidence consists of data pertaining to neuroanatomy, biochemistry, morphology, and other studies of human physiology or brain–behavior relationships. Physiological evidence supportive of EPAs includes neural structures, pathways, neurotransmitters, and so on.

Laughlin, C. D. (1997). Body, brain, and behavior: The neuroanthropology of the body image. Anthropology of Consciousness, 8(2-3), 49-68.

Support score: 45 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Balancing between Cultures. (2012). In D. Lende & G. Downey (Eds.), The encultured brain an introduction to neuroanthropology (pp. 169-194). Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.

Support score: 45 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Downey, G. (2012). Balancing across Cultures: Sensory Plasticity. The Encultured Brain: An Introduction to Neuroanthropology. Daniel H. Lende and Greg Downey, eds, 169-194.

Support score: 60 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Frith, C. D., & Frith, U. (2006). The neural basis of mentalizing. Neuron, 50(4), 531-534.

Support score: 10 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Gallagher, H. L., Jack, A. I., Roepstorff, A., & Frith, C. D. (2002). Imaging the intentional stance in a competitive game. Neuroimage, 16(3), 814-821.

Support score: 10 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Heywood, L. L. (2011). Affective infrastructures: toward a cultural neuropsychology of sport. Frontiers in evolutionary neuroscience, 3.

Support score: 40 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Laughlin, C. D. (1997). Body, brain, and behavior: The neuroanthropology of the body image. Anthropology of Consciousness, 8(2‐3), 49-68.

Support score: 45 /100

Challenge score: 0 /100

Submitted by: DJGlass

Physiological Subscore: 60/60

Cross-cultural evidence consists of anthropological and ethnological data, psychological studies on human universals, and other evidence that compares or contrasts the EPA across different human cultures. Well-supported EPAs should be observable across cultures or vary predictably across cultures based on systematic differences consistent with theory.

Cross-Cultural Subscore: 55/60

Genetic evidence consists of data from behavioral/population genetics, molecular genetics, gene mapping studies, gene manipulation studies, and so on. Well-supported EPAs may show a genetic basis.

Genetic Subscore: 30/60

Phylogenetic evidence consists of comparative data from nonhuman species, both in the lab and in nature. Data from paleontology, cladistics, ethology, and comparative psychology are all phylogenetic evidence, especially if they show “related” traits in nonhuman species.

Phylogenetic Subscore: 0/60

Hunter–gatherer evidence consists of data on prehistoric, historical, or extant hunter–gatherer cultures. Evidence that hunter–gatherers shared the trait with industrialized contemporary humans is supportive of the EPA, while evidence that the trait is/was not present in hunter–gatherer societies challenges the status of the trait as an EPA.

Hunter-Gatherer Subscore: 24/60